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Assyrian homeland or Assyria refers to a geographic and cultural region inhabited since the 25th century BC traditionally by the indigenous Assyrian people; who call it Assyria () or variations of. Geographically, the indigenous Assyrian areas are "part of today's northern Iraq, southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran and northeastern Syria".〔(Reforging a Forgotten History: Iraq and the Assyrians in the Twentieth Century By Sargon Donabed )〕 It is now largely coterminous with the Kurdish homeland, including parts of what is now primarily northern Iraq, northeastern Syria, northwestern Iran, and southeastern Turkey. The area of Iraq with the greatest concentration of Assyrians is located in the Nineveh plains region in Northern Iraq where the biblical Assyrian capital of Nineveh was located.〔Minorities in the Middle East: a history of struggle and self-expression By Mordechai Nisan〕 This area is known as the "Assyrian Triangle.",〔The Origins of War: From the Stone Age to Alexander the Great By Arther Ferrill - Page 70〕 this is where some Assyrian people groups seek to create an independent nation state of Assyria. The Assyrians are an indigenous ''Pre-Arab'' and ''Pre-Kurdish'' Christian people, with most following the Assyrian Church of the East and its modern offshoots; the Chaldean Catholic Church and Ancient Church of the East, as well as the Syriac Orthodox Church, Assyrian Pentecostal Church and Assyrian Evangelical Church. They speak, read and write dialects of Eastern Aramaic which evolved in Assyria from the 8th century BCE onwards, and use the Syriac language which also evolved in Assyria from the 5th century BCE, for Christian liturgical purposes. They claim direct historical, ethnic and cultural descent from the ancient Assyrians, a claim which has some strong support from modern scholars, historians, Assyriologists, archaeologists, geneticists, linguists, theologians and anthropologists, as well as some who are ambivalent or believe the level of continuity is insignificant (see Assyrian continuity). ==History== The Assyrian homeland mirrors the boundaries of ancient Assyria proper, and the later Achaemenid, Seleucid, Parthian, Roman and Sassanid provinces of Assyria (Athura/Assuristan) that was extant between the 25th century BC and 7th century AD. The region was dissolved as a geo-political entity following the Arab Islamic conquest of Iraq in the late 7th century AD, however what had been Assyria continued to retain a significant indigenous, Mesopotamian Eastern Aramaic speaking Eastern Rite Christian population. Upper Mesopotamia having had an established structure of dioceses by AD 500 following the introduction of Christianity from the 1st to 3rd centuries AD.〔Massacres, Resistance, Protectors: Muslim-Christian Relations in Eastern Anatolia during World War I By David Gaunt - p. 9, map p. 10.〕 After the fall of the Neo Assyrian Empire by 605 BC Assyria remained an entity for over 1200 years under Babylonian, Achamaenid Persian, Seleucid Greek, Parthian, Roman and Sassanid Persian rule. It was only after the Arab-Islamic conquest of the second half of the 7th century AD that Assyria as a named region was dissolved. Today, Assyrians, also sometimes known by the solely theological terms Chaldean Catholics, Chaldo-Assyrians and Syriac Christians (the names ''Syrian'' and ''Syriac'' are usually accepted to be originally later derivatives of ''Assyrian'' by a majority of scholars today), are believed to form a slight majority in two Ninewa counties, Tel Kaif and Al-Hamdaniya. Since the fall of the Iraqi Baath Party in 2003, and in the face of violence against the indigenous Assyrian Christian community, there has been a growing movement for Assyrian independence. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Assyrian homeland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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